What is this?
Ascitic tap or Paracentesis is a procedure in which a needle or catheter is inserted into the peritoneal cavity to obtain ascitic fluid for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
Characterization of ascites
Ascitic fluid may be used to help determine its etiology as well as to evaluate for infection or presence of cancer. Transudative ascites occurs when a patient’s SAAG level is greater than or equal to 1.1 g/dL (portal hypertension). Exudative ascites occurs when patients have SAAG levels less than 1.1 g/dL.
Causes of ascites
Causes of transudative ascites:
• Cirrhosis
• Heart failure
• Fulminant hepatic failure
• Portal hypertension
• Portal vein thrombosis

Causes of exudative ascites:
• Peritoneal carcinomatosis
• Inflammation of the pancreas or biliary system
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Peritonitis
• Ischemic or obstructed bowel